In this research, controlled changes of rainbow trout muscular composition cultured in brackish water (14.1 ppt) and freshwater (4.3ppt) was compared. Some 180 juvenile rainbow trout with a weight of 47.2±0.1 g each were released in 6 polyethylene tanks with a capacity of 1.5m3. During the experiment, water temperature was kept constant. Feeding fish was conducted using common Faradaneh food and considering water temperature and fish biomass.After 126 days, fishes attained around 320±20g of weight, were sampled and taken to laboratory and the amount of protein, fat, ash, minerals and moisture in their muscle tissue were measured. Results showed amount of fat and dry matter in brackish water cultured fishes is less than those cultured in freshwater. The average percentage of protein and minerals in brackish freshwater cultured fishes were significantly different and the average percentage of moisture in brackish water cultured fish was higher than those of the freshwater fish.

Background: Malachite green exhibiting anti-fungal properties has been used illegally in aquaculture. Due to its teratogenicity, it is necessary to monitor that malachite green is not used in fish farming. The aim of the present study was to measure probable levels of the remaining malachite green in rainbow trout fish in Tehran by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Materials and methods: The present study was conducted on 42 rainbow trout species with an average weight of 850-1000 g purchased from different parts of Tehran during summer 2017. Fish fillet samples were kept at-20° C until analysis. After extraction, the resulting mixture contained leucomalachite green was then oxidized to malachite green and analyzed by HPLC method. Results: Out of 42 samples, 3 (7. 1%) contaminated cases were reported in the concentration range of 78-89 ppb. Conclusion: According to our results and other studies, malachite green is used not only in Iran but also in many countries illegally. However, by comparing the results from previous studies, it seems that its consumption in Iran’ s fishing industry has been declining. Therefore, it is recommended to use alternative materials as fungicides and promote monitoring of its use in the aquaculture industry by inspection authorities.

In this study, for determining the effects of Glyphosate (Roundup) herbicide on certainsanguine factor of Salmon weighing 150-200 grams under qualitative stable conditions of water, in 4 treatments of 30 (three experimental group and one control treatment with three replicates) in a concentration of 25, 50and 75 percent LC50 96h have used. Over the experiments some factors like: pH, hardness, water temperature and dissolved oxygen which were measured respectively between 7-8. 4 mg/l, 22± 1 degree centigrade, above 7 PPM. The experiment duration was for 10 days and every 5 day sampling applied. Results from histological pathology It also showed that the liver and gills were in the presence of glyphosate poison It leads to symptoms such as hyperemia, cellular atrophy, bile duct, necrosis, Cloudy swelling and sinusoidal space in the liver and hyperemia, hyperplasia, necrosis, Primary and secondary filament adhesion, cramping, wailing, The shortening of the secondary gill blades in the gill tissue Over time, these symptoms increase.

In situ hybridization is a powerful tool to localize a specific sequence of nucleic acids in heterogeneous cell population. Therefore, the aim of this study was to apply this technique for localization of Vasa mRNA expression in testicular tissue of Caspian trout (Salmo caspius). In this study, a digoxigenin-labeled RNA probe was synthesized using the plasmid pGEM-T carrying a Caspian trout Vasa cDNA fragment as a template. The RNA labeling was performed through in vitro transcription reaction with DIG labeling mix. For in situ hybridization of tissue sections, Caspian trout testes were fixed and dehydrated. After rehydration and treatment with proteinase K, sections were incubated with hybridization buffer containing Vasa antisense riboprobe for 16h. After washing with SSC solution and incubation with anti-Dig-digoxigenin Antibody, the sections were treated with NBT/BCIP. The results of in situ hybridization using a Vasa antisense riboprobe showed that all developmental stages of male germ cells (spermatogonial stem cells to spermatozoa) expressed this gene, but the expression level was different among germ cells. Therefore, Vasa gene is introduced as a specific marker to identify germ cells and in situ hybridization can be used as a technique to evaluate the localization and expression level of gene mRNA in testicular tissue. These findings may provide important information to help understand the formation and development of germ cells in this valuable species of Caspian Sea.

Introduction Rainbow trout as an important breeding fish has a special place in the food basket of human societies. Statistical survey shows that in the period between the years of 1995 to 2011, the number of trout breeding farms and the amount of salmon production in Iran have increased respectively by more than 23 and 70 times.

Aim: In the present study, a laboratory model was developed to study of histology and morphology of the digestive tract of rainbow trout.Material and Methods: 20 fish (average weight=750 gr and average length=38 cm) were obtained.Fishes were anaesthetized using benzocain solution. Forty minutes later, fishes were killed and the heart, ventral and dorsal aorta intestinalis were exposed by ventral dissection. The preparation consisted of an excised gut tractus from rainbow trout, perfused through cannulation of the aorta intestinalis ventralis or aorta intestinalis dorsalis and suspended in a circular bath filled with Ringer solution. Different perfusion fluids such as Ringer, Cortland, Ringer+adrenaline and Cortland+ adrenaline were tested. Un-perfused gut placed in Ringer solution served as the non-perfused gut tissue. After incubation time (60 and 180 min), samples of the gut were examined histologically and electron microscopically.Results: Histological and Scanning electron microscopy results demonstrated that Cortland and Cortland+adrenaline solutions was effective in maintaining the gut tissue in a healthy condition for 60 and 180 min with only slight oedema and sloughing of the gut epithelium, respectively.Conversely, un-perfused gut revealed excessive tissue degeneration and severe necrosis.Conclusion: This model approaches the in vivo situation and offers a means of maintaining the gut tissue intact outside the body of fish for enabling to study histology and morphology of gut epithelium under carefully controlled conditions.

Aquagerm is an antiseptic and mixed-oxidant disinfectant produced for the first time in Iran with the capability of being used for aquatics. The current study, which was undertaken in February 2009, aims to address the potential tissue Changes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) if bathed in aquagerm as disinfectant. In this study, 40 fishes in natural and healthy conditions were picked from a fish farm in Mojen village- Shahrood city, 20 of them transferred into the treatment pond, while the others were moved to the control pond.8 days later, the treatment group were bathed in 1/2000 aquagerm dozap for 45 minutes. Then through 0, 40, 24 and 48 hours. Section 5 sample from treatment group and 1 from control were caught in order to autopsy from kidney, liver and gills. Subsequently, the samples were fixed in 10% formalin. Samples were transferred to the laboratory of Tehran University. In the research lab, through standard methods of histology, 5-micron sectional samples were prepared for optical microscopy. Through microscopic analysis of liver, some evidences of increased melano-macrophage, glomerular shrinkage, and dilatation in Bowman capsules were observed though no tissue damage of any kind was observed in liver. As regards gill microscopy, symptoms such as inflation, detachment of basic layers in secondary gill filaments, aneurysm, appearance of clavate filaments, inflation and disorder in gill septum, shortened and thickened secondary gills, hyperplasic perichondrium, and epithelial lifting were observed. In general, such observed damages, which were in fact natural responses of studied organs to external materials, are not regarded as pathologic damages. All in all, it seems that the application of this specific disinfectant poses no imminent threat to the vital organs of the samples studied here.

In order to identify polymorphisms in the Tyrosinase gene for Golden rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), a total of 100 different samples (fry) were prepared and DNA extraction was performed from their caudal fins. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was amplified fragment of 423bp the Tyrosinase gene. The amplified fragments were using specific primers (Tyr1. 2r and Tyr1. 2f) and Hinf1 cutting enzyme. In enzymatic digestion of the PCR products was observed three restricted patterns in 222bp and 201bp with NN (26 samples), and 423bp with MM (36 samples). The number of alleles N and M were 90 and 110 respectively, the gene frequency for allele N and M were. 45 and. 55 respectively. The number of genotypic frequencies NN, MN and MM were. 26, . 38 and. 36 respectively. The results showed that deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were in all cases, due to artificial reproduction, probably.

Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is a common and asymptomatic disease which is characterized by rapid loss of hair in an area. Etiology of the disease is not fully understood. Several studies declare relationship between AA and celiac disease. This study aimed at evaluating the frequency distribution of celiac autoantibodies in patients with AA comparing to the control group.Methods: This study is a case-control study. 35 subjects entered in each group. Anti-tissue-trans-glutaminase IgA (Anti-tTg IgA) were tested in all subjects. And the result was reported as positive/negative. Finally the frequency distribution of these autoantibodies were compared between two groups.Findings: There was no significant difference between two groups based on gender and sex (P=0.151) and (P=0.621) respectively, via chi-square test analysis. Anti-tTg IgA was positive in one person (2.8%) In the case group. No one was positive in the control group, and therefor there is no significant difference between two groups (P=0.314) based on chi-square test. In the case group the most common form of AA was patchy, and the most common nail involvement was Pitting. 17.1% of patients had positive family history of AA.Conclusion: The study shows the frequency distribution of one of the celiac autoantibodies in patients with alopecia areata is not higher than normal population of the community of Isfahan. Therefore screening other autoantibodies such as Anti-Gliadin IgA and Anti-Gliadin IgG in these patients are recommended.